What is the difference between filtration and reabsorption

The filtrate the fluid that has passed through the membrane flows from the glomerular capsule further into the nephron. The glomerulus filters water and small solutes out of the bloodstream. The resulting filtrate contains waste, but also other substances the body needs: essential ions, glucose, amino acids, and smaller proteins. When the filtrate exits the glomerulus, it flows into a duct in the nephron called the renal tubule.

As it moves, the needed substances and some water are reabsorbed through the tube wall into adjacent capillaries. This reabsorption of vital nutrients from the filtrate is the second step in urine creation. The filtrate absorbed in the glomerulus flows through the renal tubule, where nutrients and water are reabsorbed into capillaries. At the same time, waste ions and hydrogen ions pass from the capillaries into the renal tubule.

This process is called secretion. The secreted ions combine with the remaining filtrate and become urine. The glomerulus is a knot of capillaries in the renal capsule. The diameter of these capillaries is less than that of the renal arteriole. Therefore, as the blood enters the narrow capillaries, the pressure increases more inside the renal capsule.

Moreover, the diameter of the efferent arteriole is less than that of afferent arteriole diameter. Thus, this increases the blood pressure in the glomerulus. At this point, water and small molecules are squeezed out of the capillaries through the epithelium of the renal capsule into the interior of the capsule.

Filtration produces about cm3 of glomerular filtrate per minute in humans and 1. Thus, a great deal of reabsorption must occur. Furthermore, the filtrate contains a lot of essential nutrients for the body. Hence, reabsorption is an essential step at this moment in order to uptake necessary nutrients and excrete unnecessary waste. Essential molecules are reabsorbed to the blood from the filtrate through selective reabsorption.

Moreover, this process takes place as the filtrate passes through various sections of nephrons. Some areas are specifically adapted to reabsorb certain elements only. Reabsorption is the movement of water and solutes from the tubule back into the plasma. Reabsorption of water and specific solutes occurs to varying degrees over the entire length of the renal tubule.

Bulk reabsorption, which is not under hormonal control, occurs largely in the proximal tubule. In addition, many important solutes glucose, amino acids, bicarbonate are actively transported out of the proximal tubule such that their concentrations are normally extremely low in the remaining fluid.

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